World Congress on
Polymer Chemistry and Materials Engineering

Polymer physics is the field of physics that studies polymers, their functions, mechanical properties, as well as the kinetics of reactions involving degradation and polymerisation of polymers and monomers. Polymers are large molecules and thus are very complicated for solving a deterministic method. It mainly focuses on the perspective of condensed matter physics

Polymer molecules are huge, macromolecules that have internal covalent bonds. For most polymers, these molecules form very long chains. The backbone is a string of carbon atoms, often single bonded. Polymers are composed of basic structures called mer units. A molecule with just one mer is a monomer. Copolymers are polymers composed of two or more different types of monomers.

Functional polymers are macromolecules to which chemically bound functional groups are attached which can be utilized as reagents, catalysts, protecting groups, etc The. properties of such materials are often determined by the presence of chemical. functional groups that are dissimilar to those of the backbone chains. Functional polymers have low cost, ease to process and a range of attractive mechanical characteristics for functional organic molecules.

Synthetic polymers are human-made polymers. From the utility point of view, they can be classified into four main categories: thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers and synthetic fibres. They are found commonly in a variety of consumer products such as money, glue, etc. Polymers are durable, lightweight, easy, and cheap to make. They are also very recyclable. Many clothing items are made from synthetic polymers, and all plastics are made from synthetic polymers.

• Catalysis of Polymers group
• Acid-Base Bifunctional Catalysts on Polymer Supports
• Catalysis of molecular imprints

Polymeric nanoparticles have a matrix architecture composed of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers of synthetic or natural origin. The most widely used synthetic polymers are polylactide, polylactide–polyglycolide copolymers, polycaprolactones, and polyacrylates. Lactide–glycoside copolymer is an extensively explored copolymer. Among the various natural polymers, alginate, albumin, or chitosan have been widely explored.

Biodegradable polymers are a special class of polymer that breaks down after its intended purpose by bacterial decomposition process to result in natural by-products such as gases water, biomass, and inorganic salts.

Non- Biodegradable polymers are solid substances that are made up of long carbon chains with strong chemical bonds between the atoms and hence are harder to be broken down by microbes.

Polymer physics deals with the physical structure and also the properties of polymers, as well as the reaction kinetics of polymerization of monomers and degradation of polymers. Polymers are giant molecules and therefore are terribly sophisticated for resolution employing a settled methodology. In the state of liquid, polymer is strongly depends on the temperature. The thermal fluctuation affects the shape of a polymer when there is an external temperature is given to a liquid state of polymer. There are many applications of polymer physics with in the space of optoelectronics, coating, medicine, food and so on. The polymers can be made in a chain form. There are two types of polymer chain.

They are:

·         Ideal chain model

·         Real chain model

Polymer Engineering is generally an engineering field that designs, analyses, or modifies polymer materials. Polymer engineering covers aspects of the petrochemical industry, polymerization, structure and characterization of polymers, properties of polymers, compounding and processing of polymers and description of major polymers, structure property relations and applications. The main scope polymer engineering is to increase the polymer testing for plastics their composites are still increasing rapidly due to their below average cost and ease of manufacture.

Polymerisation is the chemical process of thousands of monomers joining together to form polymers or polymeric compound. Usually it takes thousands of monomers to make a single polymer. Addition polymerisation is the type of polymerisation reaction that occurs when you take the monomers and simply add them together. There are two basic types of polymerisation. They are step-growth polymerisation and chain-growth polymerisation

Researchers working in chemical synthesis are under increasing pressure to discover and develop innovative pathways and robust chemical processes as quickly as possible. The scope of Polymer Chemistry extends from oligomers with only a few repeating units to very long chain polymers with thousands or millions of repeating units Polymerization and modification reactions can be employed to produce designer polymers as new materials with practically any desired properties.

Polymers is used in day to day life floor coverings, garbage disposal bags, and packaging are other polymer applications. Automobile parts, windshields for fighter planes, pipes, tanks, packing materials, insulation, wood substitutes, adhesives, matrix for composites, and elastomers are all polymer applications used in the industrial market. Each industry has standards relevant to polymer applications. Our polymer application engineers and scientists possess the specialist industry knowledge which can bring you the insight you need to solve problems, progress product development, ensure compliance and achieve a successful market launch for the industries

Bio-polymers are polymers produced by living organisms; in alternative words, they are compound biomolecules. Bio-polymers provide an alternative to oil based plastics, as they are made up off plants, usually polymers of starch or polylactic acid (PLA). They are presently used for luggage bags, cutlery and plates, pens, clothing, credit cards, food packaging, agricultural films, teabags, occasional filters, diapers and napkins. Bio-plastics are plastics derived from renewable biomass sources, like vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, straw, woodchips, food waste, etc. Bio-plastics are not free of environmental impact, and the carbon emissions related to growing crops and changing these into the specified chemicals has to be taken into consideration.

There are four main kinds of bio-polymer based respectively on:

·         Starch

·         Sugar

·         Cellulose

·         Synthetic materials

Synthetic polymers are human-made polymers. Synthetic polymers are derived from crude oil, and created by scientists and engineers. Examples of synthetic polymers include nylon, polythene, polyester, Teflon, and epoxy. Examples of naturally occurring polymers are silk, wool, DNA, polysaccharide and proteins. Green and Natural Polymers Are on the Rise. As their name implies, natural polymers (or biopolymers) are polymers that occur naturally or are produced by living organisms (such as polysaccharide, silk, chitin, protein, DNA).

The powder will be chemical compound or many other alternative materials and a range of binders will be utilized based on the powder used. Fused filament fabrication (FFF) (or fused deposition modelling – FDM) was developed in the early 1990s as another 3D printing approach that like SLS uses preformed polymer as the building material. PLA is a biodegradable plastic made from renewables such as corn-starch. While several 3D-printer manufacturers are providing metal 3D-printing services, it’ll be some time before the economies of scale that helped bring down the price of plastic 3D printing affect the DMLS market.

3 Types of Plastic Used in 3D Printing-

·         Polylactic Acid (PLA)

·         Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)

·         Polyvinyl Alcohol Plastic (PVA)

Bio-catalysis refers to the use of natural substances that include enzymes from biological sources or whole cells to speed up chemical reactions. Enzymes have pivotal role in the catalysis of hundreds of reactions that include production of alcohols from fermentation and cheese by breakdown of milk proteins. Bio-catalysis have many advantages over chemo catalysis in the context of green chemistry, which include mild reaction conditions (physiological pH and temperature), the use of environmentally compatible catalysts (enzymes) and solvents (usually water), high chemical activity and sensible regio- and chemo-selectivities for multifunctional molecules.

·         Enzyme Immobilization

·         Chemoenzymatic synthesis of block co-polymers

·         Bio-catalytic Routes to Monomers

·         Silicon-Containing Materials

A polymer is a massive molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits. Due to their broad range of properties, each artificial and natural polymer plays essential and omnipresent roles in everyday life. The field of chemical compound science includes researchers in multiple disciplines including chemistry, physics, and engineering. Polymers are studied with in the fields of physics science and macromolecular science, and polymer science (which include polymer chemistry and polymer physics).

The main polymers application areas include:

·         Biomedical Applications-Regenerative Medicine, Drug Delivery, Bone Implants and Substitutes, Biomedical Devices     related Applications, Bioactive Polymers

·         Electronics

·         Optics

·         Polymers at surfaces and interfaces

·         Energy conversion and storage

·         Packaging

Bioinorganic chemistry may be a field that examines the role of metals in biology. Many biological processes like respiration depend upon molecules that fall within the realm of inorganic chemistry. Bioinorganic chemistry is the behavioral study of metalloproteins as well as artificially introduced metals including non-essential, in medicine and pharmacology.Bioinorganic Materials and Nanotechnology session is especially to phenomena and processes together of inorganic materials, nanomaterials and biological systems.

·         Inorganic Nano crystals

·         Inorganic Nano materials Synthesis

·         Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

·         New trends in green chemistry

Polymer engineering is mostly associated with an engineering field that designs, analyses, and modifies polymer materials. Engineering polymers are materials with superior structure–property correlations. These properties enable the use of the engineering polymers in specific, high-end applications in automotive and aerospace industries. The recent developments of chemical compound have revolutionized the sphere of fabric science increasing the use of chemical compound primarily based substances from building materials to Packing materials, Fancy decoration articles, Electrical engineering, Communications, Automobile, Aircrafts, etc.

Plastics engineering specialties:

·         Medical plastics

·         Consumer Plastics

·         Recycled or recyclable plastics

·         Automotive plastics

·         Elastomers / rubber

·         Biodegradable plastics

·         Plastics processing

Polymer Nano-composites consist of a polymer or copolymer having Nano particles dispersed in the polymer matrix. Polymer nanotechnology group can develop enabling techniques for the patterning of practical surfaces. Polymer Nano science is that the study and application of Nano science to polymer-nanoparticle matrices, wherever nanoparticles are those with at least one dimension of less than 100 nm. The most common type of filler particles utilized by the tire industry had traditionally been Carbon black (Cb), produced from the incomplete combustion of coal tar and ethylene.

·         Bio-hybrid polymer Nano-fibers

·         Bio-hybrid nanofibres by electrospinning

·         Bio-hybrid polymer nanotubes by wetting

·         Tissue engineering

Polymers are increasingly being used in a wide variety of applications in electronics and photonics, most of which use polymers in their traditional role as engineering materials. For more than 50 years, we have been developing and manufacturing polymer optical components and complex optomechanical electronic systems for our customers using sophisticated injection molding process. Metal nanoparticles have been used since the medieval times to create beautiful colours in glass windows. The effect is a result of strong colour-dependent light absorption in metal nanostructures; through excitation of collective electron oscillations known as plasmons.They are associated with doped fiber amplifiers, which give light-weight amplification without lasing.Fiber nonlinearities, like stimulated Raman scattering or four-wave mixing can also provide gain and thus serve as gain media for a fiber optical device.

·         Hybrid Polymers

·         Fabrication of Organic Light-emitting Devices (OLED)

·         Polymer Solar cell

·         Electro-Optics and Nonlinear Optics

·         Thermoplastic Polymers

·         Polymer Fibres

The chemical gas polymerization process of the UOP operates on olefin-containing gases. In both thermal and catalytic polymerization processes, the feedstock is usually pretreated to remove sulfur and nitrogen compounds. This method converts propylene and butylene to high-octane fuel or petrochemical polymers. Polymerization may be a method in which a substance of low molecular weight is transformed into one of the same composition but of higher molecular weight, maintaining the atomic arrangement present in the basic molecule.The stability of petroleum is dependent upon the molecular relationships of asphaltene and organic compound constituents and also the balance with the other constituents of petroleum. The asphaltene constituents are the highest molecular weight heaviest and most polar compounds in crude oil. During crude purification, the asphaltene compounds are non-distillable and remain in the residual fuels as the distillable fractions are removed.

·         Desulfurization Process in Petroleum

·         Petroleum refining

·         Polymerization and alkylation

·         Drag reducing agent

·         Hydrocracking

·         Isomerization

Polymers play a crucial role in medical applications and biomaterials are already habitually used in clinical applications. However, several medically approved polymers are not yet optimized for their aspired application. Properties such as mechanical characteristics, plasticity and degradation behaviour need to be adapted to the designated application. For medical applications, the surface properties are of major importance. Polymers are also constantly gaining attention in trendy biomaterial analysis wherever polymeric materials should act as mechanically stable, degradable and custom-made scaffolds, drug carriers or hydrogel-based artificial biomimetic living thing matrix. In this space, major progresses can be achieved via 3D printing of hierarchical materials with tissue-like structures.

·         Polymers for Artificial Joints

·         Bioabsorbable Polymers for surgical applications

·         Adhesives for medical applications

Polymer drug conjugates play a crucial role in the delivery of drugs. In the polymeric drug conjugates, the bioactive agent is combined covalently with chemical the substance to realize the efficient delivery of bioactive agents with in the required or specific period of time along with the enhancement of permeability and retention time. Among them, could be a biodegradable polymer having versatile nature due to its 2 chemical element atoms connected on each sides of phosphorus atom of its polymeric backbone, it can be easily replaced by nucleophilic substitution reaction. Plastic packaging for food and non-food applications is non-biodegradable, and also uses up valuable and scarce non-renewable resources like fossil fuel.

·         Inter facial Polymerization

·         Polyaramids and Polyimides

·         Enhanced tumor targeted gene delivery

·         Polypeptide Synthesis

Futures of Bio-polymers demand the manufacturer for brand spanking new materials is overwhelming. Applications by the use of new materials should utilize the properties of those polymers, and also the products should be developed based on those properties. The main concerns for humans in the future can be energy & resources, food, health, mobility & infrastructure and communication. Synthetic polymers have since an extend time played a relatively important role in present-day medicinal observations. Polymers occupy a prominent role in this modern living. From the tooth brush, lunchboxes, toys, pens etc, a lot of products are being used every day. It is absolutely fascinating when we understand the polymers and its utmost functionalities. From the daily utilities to the most advanced areas of research, polymer is a fundamental component. Man synthesized artificial polymer mimicking the natural polymers, which is a group of molecules combined together.

The latest research on Intelligent Systems, Robot, Automation, Smart Home, Smart Materials for Precision Sensors / Actuators, Display Materials and Imaging Products, Shape Memory Materials, 3D/4D Printing and Additive Manufacturing will be addressed in this session.

• Intelligent Systems, Robot, Automation, and Smart Home 
• Smart Materials for Precision Sensors / Actuators
• Display Materials and Imaging Devices
• Shape-Memory Materials and 3D / 4D-printing and Additive Manufacturing

The latest Optical Communication and 4G/5 G Communications, Piezoelectrics, Ferroelectrics, Pyroelectrics, and Optoelectronic Materials research is being discussed in this session.

• Optical Communication and 4G/5G Telecommunications
• Piezoelectrics, Ferroelectrics, and Pyroelectric 
• Optoelectronic Materials

We will be addressing the latest research on Flexible and Stretchable Electronics, Integrated Circuit and Semiconductor, Electronic & Advanced Packaging Materials and Engineering, Magnetic and Multiferroic Materials and Novel Superconductors in this session.

In this session, we are discussing the current research on NanoThin Film and Nanocoatings, Nanoparticles, Nanopowders and Nanocrystals, MEMS, NEMS, NanoDevices and Array Technologies, Nanotechnology and Microtech, Nanomedicine, MAX Phase Design and MXenes, Mart Power and Environmental Materials.

• Nano-Thin Film and Nanocoatings, 
• Nanoparticles, Nanopowders, and Nanocrystals
• MEMS, NEMS, Nano-Devices and Array Technologies
• Nanotechnology and Microtech
• Nanomedicine
• Development of MAX phases and MXenes

In this session, we are discussing the current research on Pharmaceutical Products Smart Biomaterials, Drug Delivery,Disease Diagnosis & Treatment, Biomimetic Materials, Biomedical Materials, and Tools.

• Smart Biomaterials for Pharmaceutical Products, Drug Delivery, Disease Diagnosis & Treatment
• Biomimetic Materials, Biomedical Materials, and Devices

In this session, we are discussing the current research on Materials and Surface Science Design, Modeling, Production, Processing, Synthesis, Analysis & Testing, Smart Materials Applications throughout Architecture and Civil Engineering, Smart Materials Applications in Automotive, Defense, Military & Aerospace Engineering.

• Design, Modeling, Fabrication, Processing, Synthesis, Evaluation & Testing of Materials
• Mechanics & Physical Behaviour of Materials and Surface Science
• Smart Materials Applications in Architecture and Civil Engineering
• Smart Materials Applications in Automobile, Defence, Military & Aerospace Engineering